Is economic environment associated with the physical activity levels and obesity in Chinese adults? A cross-sectional study of 30 regions in China

BACKGROUND Based on the 2014 survey of physical activity and physical fitness data of 20 - 69 year old Chinese, this study aims to investigate the relationship between economic development and people's physical activity in China. METHODS A total of 43,389 adults from 30 different regions in mainland China were recruited. The GDP per capita of the 30 regions were determined based on the 2013 annual statistical report released by the national bureau of statistics of China and provincial level statistics bureaus. A questionnaire was used to determine the participants' exercise frequency, duration, and intensity. RESULTS For the 30 regions surveyed, the correlation coefficients between GDP per capita and weekly activity were 0.23 for men and 0.15 for women. The correlation coefficients between GDP per capita and obesity rates were 0.52 for men and 0.39 for women. CONCLUSIONS Although people in economically advanced regions in China currently engage in more physical activities than those in less economically developed regions, overweight and obesity persist as serious problems.